Planning Your Garden: Tomato & Eggplant Seeds

Starting tomato and eggplant seeds indoors is an excellent way to get a head start on the growing season, especially in Zone 5, where the last frost date typically falls around mid-May.

Begin the process by sowing seeds 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost date, which means starting seeds in early to mid-March. Use seed-starting trays or small pots filled with a light, well-draining potting mix designed for seedlings. Lightly press the seeds into the soil, covering them with a thin layer of soil or vermiculite. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, and place the containers in a warm, well-lit location or under grow lights. Tomato and eggplant seeds generally germinate in 7-14 days at temperatures between 70°F and 80°F (21°C to 27°C).

Once the seeds have germinated and the seedlings develop their first true leaves, it's time to care for them properly to ensure healthy growth. Water consistently to keep the soil evenly moist but not soggy, allowing the top layer of soil to dry out slightly between waterings. To prevent legginess, make sure the seedlings get enough light, either from natural sunlight or grow lights placed about 2-3 inches above the plants. Around 1-2 weeks before the last frost, begin hardening off the seedlings by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions for several hours a day, increasing exposure over time. In Zone 5, it's typically safe to plant tomatoes and eggplants outside after the danger of frost has passed and soil temperatures are consistently above 60°F (15°C), which is usually around mid to late May.